What is Human Resources?
Many colleges and universities in Ohio offer degree programs in human resource management and other related subjects. While available to anyone, the major is ideal for individuals interested in learning how to orchestrate various aspects of the manpower and benefits programs typically provided by businesses in the United States. Businesses in almost every industry rely on professionals with these skills, making employment opportunities fairly common. Most jobs available to graduates are found in the business, finance, education, and healthcare sectors.
According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), employment for human resource managers is projected to grow 7% from 2021 to 2031. This is about as fast as the average for all occupations and will result in an increase of about 16,300 jobs openings each year. The job outlook for human resources specialists is slightly better, however. Employment for this profession is expected to increase by 8% from 2021 to 2031, which is faster than the average for all occupations. This will result in an additional 81,900 relevant job openings each year. While these are often considered entry-level positions, they do provide a good means of employment for graduates.
Professional and business services is the second largest industry in Ohio, accounting for $77.3 billion in revenue each year. Graduates may also qualify for employment in many of the state’s other top sectors such as manufacturing, finance, real estate, education, healthcare, wholesale, retail, construction, entertainment, and transportation.
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Online Human Resources Education in Ohio
Human resource management and other similar areas or study are relatively popular in the United States. Many colleges and universities throughout the nation offer academic degree programs in these subjects. Those planning to pursue employment in Ohio, however, may benefit from enrolling with academic institutions located within the state. These schools offer the most geographically relevant curriculums, ensuring you obtain the knowledge and skills that most local employers seek when evaluating job candidates. Students interested in earning a degree in this field will find programs all over the state.
Organizations across almost every industry need to hire human resources managers as these professionals oversee various employee-related programs and initiatives. They are also often instrumental in strategic planning, and frequently keep top executives informed about the overall satisfaction of their workers. Although these professionals can find jobs with businesses of all types, opportunities are particularly prevalent in the professional, scientific, technical services, management, and manufacturing sectors.
These professionals tend to provide a wide range of services. Much of their work relates to bridging gaps between leadership and other employees. They are regularly responsible for planning, coordinating, and directing administrative tasks. They may also be expected to address staff issues through mediation and disciplinary procedures, participate in job interviews, and provide in-take briefings for new workers. In fact, some positions require HR managers to take highly active roles in or completely oversee recruitment processes, as well as professional development and training. When necessary, they will also provide assistance filing retirement paperwork.
Notably, it’s possible for these professionals specialize in one or two aspects of the field.
Some popular areas of expertise include:
- Compensation and Benefits Managers
- Training and Development Managers
- Labor Relations Directors
- Employee Relations Managers
- Payroll Managers
- Recruiting Managers
- Staffing Managers
Those seeking professional human resource management positions will likely need some amount of higher education to qualify for employment in Ohio. Colleges and universities in the state and throughout the United States generally offer degrees in human resource management and other related areas of study at the associate, bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral levels. Prospective students can typically choose from in-person and online enrollment options.
According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, most occupations in this field require workers to possess bachelor’s degrees. While many have backgrounds in human resource management, majoring in business, communication, or psychology is often acceptable, as well. Additionally, some businesses may be willing to hire candidates with high school diplomas or GEDs only. These opportunities tend to be for entry-level employment exclusively, however, and are not very common.
Online Associates (AS)
An associate human resource management program generally consists of 60 credit hours of coursework that take full-time students approximately two years to complete. Every curriculum is unique, but it’s common for undergraduate programs to include both general liberal arts and major-specific classes. By studying various topics in communication, mathematics, and science in addition to major-specific content, students receive a well-rounded education that prepares them for further learning in the future. Those majoring in human resource management can also expect a general introduction to the field. Common areas of study include talent acquisition, labor laws, conflict resolution, and compensation benefits.
This type of degree typically prepares graduates for employment as human resources assistants, human resources associates, and administrative assistants. In most cases, it does meet the minimum education requirements needed for the human resources manager occupation. As a result, many graduates opt to pursue additional education.
Graduates may also choose to continue their education by enrolling in bachelor’s degrees. Notably, undergraduate course credits may be transferred and applied towards new degree program requirements. Most colleges and universities accept up to 60 or 90 hours of prior coursework, which is typically equivalent to two years of undergraduate study. As a result, those with associate degrees in human resource management may only need two additional years of education before earning bachelor’s degrees.
National Online Rankings - Top 25 Associate ProgramsOnline Bachelors (BS or BHRM)
Bachelor’s degrees in human resource management often consist of 120 credit hours of coursework that take full-time students approximately four years to complete. These are undergraduate programs, as well, which means program curriculums still tend to include both general liberal arts and major-specific classes. Continuing to study various topics in communication, mathematics, and science ensures that human resource management students receive a well-rounded education that can be applied to various facets of life and further academic pursuits, if desired. Additionally, those with a human resources management major can expect to receive a broad introduction to the most important subjects in the field. This usually entails studying business, accounting, team building, organizational psychology, and conflict resolution techniques.
Many colleges and universities encourage HR management majors to select concentrations, or specialty areas of study while enrolled. Pursuing additional instruction in particular sub-fields often helps students prepare for certain types of employment after graduation.
Concentration options vary, but often include:
- Business Administration
- Healthcare
- Accounting
- Data Science
- Organizational Leadership
According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, the standard minimum education requirement for most HR management professions is the bachelor’s degree. Graduates may also be qualified to pursue careers as corporate recruiters, compensation and benefits managers, and training and development specialists.
Alternatively, graduates often possess the knowledge and skills necessary to enroll in further education. Those planning to apply to master’s degree programs should be prepared to provide official undergraduate transcripts to gaining institutions. Applicants will also need to meet minimum grade point average (GPA) and Graduate Record Examinations (GRE) test score requirements.
National Online Rankings - Top 25 Bachelors ProgramsFind Your Online Human Resources Management Program
Online Masters (MS or MHRM)
Master’s degrees in human resources management generally range from 30 to 36 credit hours of coursework that take full-time students approximately two to three years to complete. Graduate-level programs no longer incorporate general liberal arts classes. Many do, however, require applicants to pass specified undergraduate courses, or prerequisites, prior to admittance. This ensures that all incoming students possess the basic knowledge and skills needed for advanced study in the field.
Graduate degree curriculums are typically designed to help students prepare for advanced employment opportunities in the field. Course requirements vary, but those enrolled in human resources management programs often study various advanced topics in business strategy, organizational change management, organizational ethics, effective team leadership, personnel staffing, and worker evaluation. Instruction in HR strategy, organizational culture, and talent management is also common.
Graduates often qualify for employment as human resources managers, but may apply for management positions in other fields, as well. Other possible careers include compensation and benefits manager, senior HR manager, labor relations specialist, and HR information systems manager. Individuals who possess master’s degrees tend to have some of the best job prospects and typically make more money than those with less education.
National Online Rankings - Top 25 Masters ProgramsOnline Doctorate (PhD)
A PhD or doctorate in human resources management generally consists of between 60 and 120 credit hours that take full-time students up to seven years to complete. As terminal degrees, these programs require students to meet high academic standards. Curriculums differ by institution, but commonly include instruction in compensation management, foundations of HR theory and practice, recruiting and retaining talent, organizational behavior and performance, and creating adaptive workplaces. Opportunities to select concentrations are also sometimes available.
Some common options include:
- Human Resources Management
- Organizational Management
- Training and Development
- Benefits and Compensation
- Higher Education
While students generally spend the first portion of their enrollment receiving traditional classroom instruction, later years are frequently spent conducting independent study and research. In most cases, these degrees culminate in the writing, presentation, and defense of dissertations.
Graduates often qualify for some of the best employment opportunities available in the field. These include jobs as postsecondary educators, HR consultants, and industrial/organizational psychologists.
Read our business resources and scholarships guideBecome a Human Resources Manager in Ohio
The first step to becoming a human resources professional in Ohio is determining exactly what kind of work you want to perform. While not as expansive as some other professions, there are still many different types of professional opportunities available in the field. Identifying a preferred occupation will make it significantly easier to set and reach your career goals.
As employment standards and hiring expectations vary by occupation, it’s important to spend some time familiarizing yourself with the education, training, and experience requirements associated with your job of choice. This ensures you pursue the most appropriate type of degree and can also help you select relevant elective courses, academic minors, departmental concentrations, extra-curricular activities, and/or internship opportunities you want to pursue.
It's also important to realize that many organizations establish their own hiring standards. While some businesses may be satisfied with candidates who possess a bachelor’s degree, others may only consider applicants who have a master’s degree. In some cases, this can further influence the amount of higher education you decide to pursue.
Additionally, it may not be entirely necessary that you study HR management while enrolled. Most human resource professionals in the field do obtain degrees in human resources management, but some other areas can be equally suitable depending on the occupation sought. Some common undergraduate alternatives include business, communications, and psychology. At the graduate level, studying labor relations or administration can also be beneficial.
After obtaining the necessary degree(s), you should qualify to apply for various HR positions. Becoming a manager, however, often takes more time. These positions generally require several years of relevant work experience, making it common to work as human resources specialists and/or labor relations specialists first.
It’s also common for human resources management professionals also pursue certification. While not always necessary for employment, earning additional credentials demonstrates credibility and expertise in the field. As a result, many employers tend to give preference to candidates who possess relevant certifications. In addition to enhancing job prospects, it can also lead to higher pay potential.
There is no required or single most important credential for professionals in this field. As a result, individuals in this field are generally free to select which certification(s) they want to pursue based on personal interest and/or their career aspirations.
Certifications relevant to human resources management are often offered by professional associations and organizations. Some prominent examples of these include the Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM), HR Certification Institute (HRCI), and International Foundation of Employment Benefit Plans.
Some of the most popular credentials available to HR managers include:
- Society for Human Resources Management Certified Professional (SHRM-CP) via SHRM
- Society for Human Resources Senior Management Certified Professional (SHRM-SCP) via SHRM
- Certified Human Resources Professional (CHRP) via the Human Resources Professionals Association (HRPA)
- Certified Professional in Learning and Performance (CPLP) via Association for Talent Development (ATD)
- Professional in HR (PHR) via the HR Certification Institute (HRCI)
- Talent Management Practitioner (TMP)
- Strategic Human Resources Leadership (SHRL) via the Human Capital Institute
Careers for Human Resources Graduates
- Compliance Officer
Compliance officers are hired by businesses to ensure all legal and regulatory compliance matters are handled correctly. A major responsibility for these professionals is verifying that any necessary certification and licensing requirements are met. They may also recommend certain policy changes in order to make compliance easier in the future. Other common tasks can include preparing and presenting suggestions and concerns to leadership. According to PayScale, compliance officers make an average base salary of $71,287 per year. - Human Resources (HR) Manager
HR managers oversee human resources departments for organizations. They are responsible for a wide variety of activities, many of which are related to employee policies and procedures. They must also ensure all operations comply with local, state, and federal labor laws. They also spend a lot of time designing, implementing, and managing benefits and initiative programs. Every workplace is different, but these often include flexible work arrangements, maternity leave, open enrollment, sick leave, and vacation time. According to PayScale, human resources managers make an average base salary of $70,245 per year. - Human Resources (HR) Specialist
HR specialists are hired by companies to assist HR managers. They may perform a wide range of duties, most of which are related to customer service and the daily operations of HR departments. Common expectations include coordinating payroll, distributing benefits, entering data, recruiting workers, and training new hires. These professionals are subject experts in the field, so they spend a significant amount of time answering employee questions, as well. According to PayScale, human resources make an average base salary of $53,224 per year. - Labor Relations Specialist
Labor relations specialists work to resolve employee-related issues for companies and organizations. Situation specifics vary, but these professionals may be responsible for anything from creating collective bargaining agreements to overseeing negotiations in accordance with federal government regulations. It’s also common for them to participate in investigations and/or oversee the administration of disciplinary actions for employees when noncompliance is discovered. They may be expected to coordinate labor relations trainings, participate in employee hiring processes, perform social media maintenance, and/or manage vital data documentation. According to PayScale, insurance labor relations specialists make an average base salary of $73,764 per year. - Police, Fire, or Ambulance Dispatcher
Police, fire, and ambulance dispatchers answer emergency calls and respond accordingly. In addition to listening closely to caller concerns, these professionals must be able to remain calm during stressful situations and ask all necessary follow-up questions. It is imperative that they collect all pertinent information before determining which response teams should be sent to the scene. They are then responsible for coordinating the necessary emergency response activities with police officers, EMTs, and/or fire-response workers. According to PayScale, police, fire, and ambulance dispatchers make an average base salary of $38,928 per year. - Training and Development Specialist
Training and development specialists create modern learning solutions for companies and organizations to use with their employees. Using adult education theory, they are able to develop short instructor-led exercises, as well as entire educational programs. Job parameters differ, but these professionals are sometimes tasked with evaluating and/or improving existing materials and training methods. In cases like this, it’s often necessary to coordinate with subject matter experts and/or management. It is also common for them to create various work-related training materials, guides, and presentations. According to PayScale, training and development specialists make an average base salary of $58,520 per year.
Sources:
- Human Resources Managers. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
- Human Resources Specialists. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
- Management Occupations. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
- Ohio State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
- SHRM Certified Professional (SHRM-CP). Society for Human Resources Management (SHRM)
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